Age is risk factor for acid reflux. This does not mean that as you grow old you are expected to develop GERD. Acid reflux is most common in the 60-70 age group.

According to statistics complied by NHBA, more than 30% of women over 65 have regular acid reflux symptoms and more than half of reflux sufferers are aged between 45 and 65.

Acid reflux in the elderly is more likely to cause damage to teeth. Older sufferers tend to accept acid reflux as part of the ageing process and delay getting adequate treatment. There is a higher incident of Barrett’s esophagus, a potential precursor to adenocarcinoma, in the elderly. It is suggested that Barrett’s Esophagus is present in one in seven GERD sufferers in the over 60s group.

As we age, our muscles weaken. This includes the gut muscles. The peristaltic waves of contraction weaken leading to constipation and reduced ability to clear food from the esophagus into the stomach.

Saliva is an alkaline liquid that helps in the process of preventing reflux symptoms. As we age we produce less saliva. Saliva mixes with the chewed up food and permits smooth transit down the esophagus. Reduced level of saliva makes the process a bit difficult and food can stick.

Saliva is alkaline and neutralises acid refluxed from the stomach. With reduced saliva production, the refluxate will stay in the esophagus longer creating a greater opportunity for injury.

The elderly are more likely to be on medication. Arthritis is common in the elderly and they could be on prescribed NSAIDs or they buy them over the counter. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandins and in the stomach prostaglandin helps protect the stomach from the harsh gastric acid.

Dr. Phil Hariram.